Initial Diagnostic Audit - Unit D3: Extending Probability

Do NOT use a calculator for any questions in the audit unless specifically told otherwise
Section D3.1 - Multiplication for Independent Events
1. A die is thrown and a coin is tossed. What is the probability of obtaining an even number on the die and a
Head on the coin?      p =  
 
2. Three dice are thrown and their scores are added.
What is the probability that the total is 17?      p =  
 
3. The diagram shows two fair spinners. Both spinners are spun and the scores are added together.

(a) What is the probability that the sum of the scores is 9?      p =  
 

(b) What is the probability that the sum of the scores is less than 4?      p =  
 

You may use a calculator for the next question.
4. Four balls are drawn at random, one after the other and without replacement, from a bag containing

5 Red, 4 White, 8 Blue and 3 Purple balls.

Find the probability that you obtain one ball of each colour.      p =  
 

Section D3.2 - Mutually Exclusive Events
5. In an experiment consisting of throwing a die followed by drawing a card from a pack of playing cards, find the probability of obtaining

(a) an odd number on the die and a card which is an ace?      p =  
 

(b) a six on the die and a picture card?      p =  
 

(c) a six on the die and a club?      p =  
 

6. A box contains eight marbles: 1 is red, 2 are blue and 5 are green.
One marble is drawn at random from the box. A second marble is drawn at random from the remaining seven marbles in the box.

(a) Find the probability that both marbles are green.      p =  
 

(b) If the first marble is red, find the probability that the second marble is blue.      p =  
 

Section D3.3 - Tree Diagrams and Conditional Probability
7. Terry has a box of chocolates.
The box contains six milk chocolates and five plain chocolates.
Terry chooses two chocolates at random and eats them.

(a) Complete the tree diagram showing all the probabilities.
(i)   
 
(ii)  
 
(iii) 
 
(iv)  
 

(b) Calculate the probability that when Terry eats two chocolates, he eats either two milk chocolates or two
      plain chocolates.      p =  
 

Section D3.4 - Using Venn Diagrams to Find Probabilities
8. A group of people apply for work in either one or two of three different firms, L, M and N.

In the Venn diagram above, the numbers represent the number of people who apply for jobs in the three firms.

(a) A person is chosen at random from the group.
     Calculate the probability that the person applies for L and M.      p =  
 

(b) Calculate the probability that the person applies for work in all three firms.      p =

(c) A person is chosen at random from those who apply for N.
     Calculate the probability that this person also applies for L.      p =  
 

You may use a calculator for the last two questions
Two people are chosen at random from the group.

(d) Calculate the probability that they both apply for only one firm.      p =  
 

(e) Calculate the probability that they both apply for M.      p =  
 


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Produced by Russell Geach for CIMT - January 2013